WordPress 從 GKE 搬家到 DigitalOcean

Posted on by Clarence

在一開始想說要研究 K8S 又剛好要寫個 Blog，
因此把機器放在 GKE 所以就用了官方提供的範例腳本把 WordPress 架設完成，
但是因為 GKE 需要用到負載平衡這部分一個月大概需要 10 美金到 20 美金，
不過我這邊沒有這麼大的流量就想說省點錢，
就開始搬家計畫拉！

首先要搬家就要先備份資料，
因為對於 K8S 的不熟，
一開始還直接到機器把掛載的資料夾拉出來 XD，
想想真的滿蠢的 …
在這邊教大家用比較簡單的方法備份機器

  1. 首先先使用指令 kubectl get all 找到你的 Service，這邊範例是 wordpress-0000000000-AAAAA

    clarence$ kubectl get all
    NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
    pod/mysql-0000000000-AAAAA 1/1 Running 0 6d
    pod/wordpress-0000000000-AAAAA 1/1 Running 0 6d
    NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
    service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.0.0.0 <none> 443/TCP 1y
    service/mysql ClusterIP 10.0.0.0 <none> 3306/TCP 1y
    service/wordpress LoadBalancer 10.0.0.0 35.197.0.0 80:31737/TCP 1y
    NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
    deployment.apps/mysql 1 1 1 1 1y
    deployment.apps/wordpress 1 1 1 1 1y
    NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
    replicaset.apps/mysql-0000000000 1 1 1 1y
    replicaset.apps/wordpress-0000000000 1 1 1 1y
    view raw bash-1.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub

  2. WordPress 備份資料到本地

    kubectl cp wordpress-0000000000-AAAAA:/var/www/html/ Downloads/var/www/html/
    view raw bash-2.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub

  3. 把 mysql 做一個反向連線到本地

    kubectl port-forward service/mysql 3306:3306
    view raw bash-3.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub


    PS: 版主在這邊遇到一個 mysqldump throws: Unknown table ‘COLUMN_STATISTICS’ in information_schema (1109) 的問題，詳細可以看一下 https://serverfault.com/questions/912162/mysqldump-throws-unknown-table-column-statistics-in-information-schema-1109
  4. 使用 mysqldump 把資料庫整個備份到本地

    mysqldump --column-statistics=0 -h 127.0.0.1 -uroot -p -A --default-character-set=utf8 > mysql.sql
    view raw bash-4.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub


    到這邊備份就已經結束拉 ~
  5. 再來把新機器安裝好把需要安裝的東西裝進去

    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt update
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install nginx
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install mysql-server
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install php-fpm php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-soap php-xml php-xmlrpc php-zip
    view raw bash-5.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub

  6. 把 Nginx 設定好

    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/blog.com.tw
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/blog.com.tw /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo nginx -t
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo systemctl reload nginx
    clarence@ubuntu:~$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/wordpress
    view raw bash-6.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub

  7. 修改一下 WordPress 的 DB 設定

    clarence@ubuntu:~$ vim wp-config.php
    /** MySQL hostname */
    define('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1:3306');
    view raw bash-7.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub

  8. 把 Mysql 資料庫推回去，順便檢查一下是否有這個資料庫

    clarence@ubuntu:~/Download$ sudo mysql < mysql.sql
    [sudo] password for clarence:
    clarence@ubuntu:~/Download$ sudo mysql
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 1
    Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu)
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
    +---------------------+
    | Database |
    +---------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | #mysql50 |
    | mysql |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys |
    | wordpress |
    +---------------------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    mysql> exit
    Bye
    view raw bash-8.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub


    PS: 版主在這邊遇到一個 Mysql 升級的問題，所以需要把資料庫更新一下，大家可以嘗試一下，詳細的問題如：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43846950/column-count-of-mysql-user-is-wrong-expected-42-found-44-the-table-is-probabl

基本上這樣應該就搞定拉 ~ 我當時在做的時候花了我快一天的時間，可見對 K8S 有多不熟 XD
以上經驗分享給大家 ~

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